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Study shows obesity costs firms big

Researchers hope the findings will motivate companies to fund programs to promote fitness.

CHICAGO - The heaviest employees have twice the rate of workers' compensation claims as their fit co-workers, suggests a study by Duke University researchers, which concluded the fattest workers had 13 times more lost workdays due to work-related injuries, and their medical claims for those injuries were seven times higher than normal-sized workers.

Obesity experts said they hope the study will persuade employers to invest in programs to help fight obesity. One employment attorney warned companies that treating heavier workers differently could lead to discrimination complaints.

Overweight workers were more likely to have claims involving injuries to the back, wrist, arm, neck, shoulder, hip, knee and foot than other employees.

The findings were based on eight years of data from 11,728 people employed by Duke and its health system. Researchers found that workers with higher body mass indexes, or BMIs, had higher rates of workers' compensation claims. The most obese workers - those with BMIs of 40 or higher - had the highest rates of claims and lost workdays. BMI is a measure of height and weight. A 6-foot, 300-pound person, for example, has a BMI of just over 40.

James Hill, who heads the Center for Human Nutrition at the University of Colorado, said managers will pay attention to the findings because injuries mean more immediate financial losses than the future health care costs of diabetes and heart disease.

"When you see that claims rates double, I think that's going to get people's attention," Hill said.

But there isn't enough good information about employer-sponsored programs that work, said John Cawley, an expert in the economics of obesity at Cornell University. Employers don't know whether paying for nutrition counseling, obesity surgery or antiobesity drugs through health insurance makes economic sense, he said.

Cawley also noted that BMI does not distinguish muscle from fat and can equate a buff body builder to a couch potato. Although BMI is used in most obesity research, Cawley's research has found that blacks are particularly likely to be misclassified as obese by BMI.

The study, appearing in Monday's Archives of Internal Medicine, got funding from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.

[Last modified April 23, 2007, 23:03:39]